Spain: A Geographical Overview

Location and Borders

Spain is a country located in southwestern Europe, occupying the majority of the Iberian Peninsula. It shares borders with Portugal to the west, France and Andorra to the north, and Morocco to the south (across the Strait of Gibraltar). The country is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the east and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.

Spain's geographical position makes it a strategic crossroads between Europe and Africa, and has historically played a significant role in trade and cultural exchange.

Major Cities

Spain's largest and capital city is Madrid, located in the center of the country. Other major cities include Barcelona, Valencia, Bilbao, and Seville. These cities are vibrant cultural hubs with rich history, famous architecture, and vibrant nightlife scenes.

Terrain and Physical Geography

Spain is characterized by a diverse landscape, ranging from rugged mountains to coastal plains. The Pyrenees Mountains form a natural border with France in the north, while the Sierra Nevada Mountains are located in the south. The central part of the country is dominated by a vast plateau known as the Meseta.

Spain is home to several major rivers, including the Ebro, Guadalquivir, and Tagus. The country's coastline stretches over 8,000 kilometers and features numerous beaches, bays, and islands.

National Parks and Protected Areas

Spain has a strong commitment to environmental conservation and has established numerous national parks and protected areas throughout the country. Some of the most notable parks include the Doñana National Park, the Picos de Europa National Park, and the Teide National Park in the Canary Islands.

These parks protect a wide range of ecosystems and wildlife, including unique flora and fauna, and provide opportunities for outdoor recreation and tourism.